Image by h.koppdelaney via Flickr

In theory, provided your bonsai is growing in a free-draining soil, it should not be possible to over water. But many beginners, in their enthusiasm, manage to do just that. Over watering eliminates the air contained in the spaces between the soil particles and ‘drowns’ the roots. It also creates the conditions favored by various root-rotting fungi. The symptoms of decaying roots (yellowing foliage and lack of new growth) are not usually apparent until the damage has already been done. Having said this, it does take a few weeks for the problem to become serious, so the odd drenching now and then won’t hurt. On the other hand it may only take twenty-four hours for a bonsai to die of thirst, so it is essential to prevent the soil drying out completely.

Generally the best method is to water the surface of the soil evenly, using a fine rose or spray, until the water drains out of the drainage holes. Wait a few minutes and repeat. This ensures a thorough wetting of the soil and should he sufficient for one day during the height of summer. Try to avoid watering a tree that doesn’t really need it. Wind can dry the soil’s surface to a crisp, while deeper in the pot it may still be quite wet. If in doubt check by scraping away the surface in a couple of places and adjust the amount of water accordingly.

The best time to water is in early evening. This gives the tree plenty of time to have a good drink before morning. If you water in the morning the tree doesn’t have much of a chance to refresh itself before the heat of the day. If you can’t avoid watering in the morning do it as early as possible. Another advantage with evening watering is that you can douse the foliage at the same time without the risk of leaf scorch caused by the water droplets acting as miniature magnifying glasses in the sun. All bonsai appreciate a daily shower.

Don’t assume that the rain will do the watering for you. A bonsai acts like umbrella, and it shelters the poi from ill but the heaviest downpour. Your neighbors night think you’re ,T;1Y,y, hilt it is well worth continuing to check the need to water even in wet weather.